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Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

With those born with natural talents, it feels as if they excel without really trying. But what about those of us who don’t have a natural talent? We’ve been told all our lives that if you work hard, you too can succeed. But with the release of Angela Duckworth’s Grit, we are given a new key to success.

“As much as talent counts, effort counts twice,” says Duckworth in Grit. She introduces a new concept that talent may be overrated, and if you want real success, what you need is grit, the perfect combination of passion and persistence. Even if you have natural talent, it’s nothing without grit.

Duckworth says grit is the difference between success and failure. A person who has grit is more likely to succeed than a person who does not. When we think about attaining success—whether it’s landing that job or learning that new skill—our thoughts are immediately burdened by all the things we must first learn. If you want that new job, you have to learn the job skills, then the interview skills, then the dress part—and you must be perfect at all of them. Grit is different because it tells us that perfection isn’t the goal.

Grit lifts the unreasonable expectations off our shoulders. Grit tells us that the door is open wider than we first thought possible. Grit allows us to redefine our goals. Think about it: what’s something you’ve always wanted to do, but gave up because you “don’t have the skills for it”? What’s something you love but aren’t good at?

The real workings of grit are to have sustainable passion and continue to try. Effort means more than your natural ability. Even if you haven’t mastered a skill, grit tells you that you can still succeed if you can transform your passion into action. In a way, Duckworth is giving new hope to people who have shut the doors on their dreams. She is saying it is possible that you can accomplish anything. If at first you fail, then try one more time with grit.

[51] 对于天赋异禀的人而言,他们仿佛无需真正努力就能出类拔萃。但我们当中那些没有天赋的人呢?我们一生都被告知,只要勤奋努力,也能成功。然而,随着安吉拉·达克沃斯所著的《坚毅》一书的问世,我们获得了一把通往成功的新钥匙。

“天赋固然重要,努力则更为关键。”达克沃斯在《坚毅》中如此阐释。[52] 她提出一个全新观点:天赋或许被高估了,若想获得真正的成功,需要的是坚毅,也就是激情与毅力的完美融合。即便拥有天赋,缺乏坚毅也终将一事无成。

达克沃斯指出,坚毅是成败的分水岭。拥有坚毅品质的人,比缺乏者更有可能成功。[53] 当我们思考如何获得成功时——无论是争取一份工作,还是学习一项新技能——思绪总会被“必须先掌握的所有知识”压得喘不过气。若想得到那份新工作,就需先学习工作技能,再研习面试技巧,还要讲究着装礼仪——且必须在各方面都做到完美。而坚毅的不同之处在于,它告诉我们:完美并非终极目标。

坚毅卸下了我们肩头不切实际的期望。它让我们知晓,成功的大门比最初想象中的更为开阔。[54] 它更让我们重新思考自己的目标。试想:是否有某件事你一直想做,却因“缺乏相应技能”而放弃?是否有某件事你热爱着,却不够擅长?

坚毅的真谛在于怀揣持久的激情并持续尝试。努力的意义远超天赋本身。即便尚未掌握某项技能,坚毅也会告诉你:若能将激情转化为行动,依然可以成功。从某种意义上说,达克沃斯为那些已经对梦想关上大门的人带来了新的希望。[55] 她宣告:一切皆有可能。若初次尝试失败,就带着坚毅再试一次。

  • 51
  • 单选题
  • 分值:14.2
问.

What does the passage say about people born with natural talents?

They seem to outdo others without hard work.
They appear to know all the secrets to success.
They feel it only too logical to succeed.
They are bound to excel effortlessly.

问:关于天赋异禀的人,文章说了什么?

  1. 他们似乎无需努力就能超越他人。
  2. 他们看似知晓所有成功的秘诀。
  3. 他们认为成功是理所当然的。
  4. 他们必然能毫不费力地出类拔萃。

定位:文章第一段第一句:“With those born with natural talents, it feels as if they excel without really trying.”

解析:

  1. 正确,文章明确指出天赋异禀的人给人感觉好像没有真正努力就能出类拔萃,这与选项A的描述一致。
  2. 不正确,文章未提及天赋异禀者知晓所有成功秘诀,而是强调他们看似轻松成功。
  3. 不正确,文章没有讨论天赋异禀者对成功逻辑的看法,只描述了他们的外在表现。
  4. 不正确,文章使用“feels as if”表示一种观感,而非绝对事实,选项D的“必然”一词过于绝对,与文章语气不符。
  • 52
  • 单选题
  • 分值:14.2
问.

What does Duckworth say about talent?

It is a new concept much too overrated.
It proves necessary for big achievements.
It plays a lesser role in one’s success.
It is a guarantee for real success in life.

问:达克沃斯如何评价天赋?

  1. 这是一个被过度高估的新概念。
  2. 事实证明,它是取得重大成就的必要条件。
  3. 它在个人成功中所起的作用较小。
  4. 它是人生真正成功的保障。

定位:文章第二段第二句:“As much as talent counts, effort counts twice” 以及 “talent may be overrated”。

解析:

  1. 不正确,文章指出天赋可能被高估,但未称其为“新概念”,天赋本身是长期存在的概念。
  2. 不正确,文章强调努力比天赋更重要,且天赋并非成功的保证,因此“必要条件”与文章观点矛盾。
  3. 正确,达克沃斯认为天赋重要,但努力的作用更大(“effort counts twice”),因此天赋在成功中扮演较小角色。
  4. 不正确,文章明确表示天赋没有坚毅(grit)就“nothing”,因此天赋不是成功的保障。
  • 53
  • 单选题
  • 分值:14.2
问.

What does the passage say about people thinking of attaining success?

They are puzzled how to present their best to the employer.
They are burdened by their expectation of perfection.
They will try hard to land a job that fits their skills best.
They will find themselves lacking in all the skills they need.

问:关于想要取得成功的人,文章说了什么?

  1. 他们困惑于如何向雇主展现最佳状态。
  2. 他们被迫求完美的期望。
  3. 他们会努力争取最匹配自身技能的工作。
  4. 他们会发现自己缺乏所需的全部技能。

定位:文章第三段第三句:“our thoughts are immediately burdened by all the things we must first learn” 以及第四段第一句:“Grit lifts the unreasonable expectations off our shoulders”。

解析:

  1. 不正确,文章未具体讨论如何向雇主展现自己,而是泛谈成功过程中的心理负担。
  2. 正确,文章指出人们在追求成功时被必须学习所有技能的期望所 burdened,而坚毅能解除这种对完美的不合理期望。
  3. 不正确,文章未提及人们会努力匹配技能与工作,而是强调心理负担。
  4. 不正确,文章描述人们担心需要学习所有技能,但未说他们“发现自己缺乏”所有技能,这过于绝对。
  • 54
  • 单选题
  • 分值:14.2
问.

How does the author think grit can be helpful to us?

It allows us to know what we are good at.
It opens our eyes to new opportunities.
It focuses our attention on what we do.
It lets us reconsider the goals to achieve.

问:作者认为坚毅对我们有怎样的帮助?

  1. 它让我们了解自己的擅长之处。
  2. 它让我们看到新机遇。
  3. 它让我们专注于所做之事。
  4. 它让我们重新思考要实现的目标。

定位:文章第四段第三句:“Grit allows us to redefine our goals.”

解析:

  1. 不正确,文章未讨论坚毅帮助人们了解擅长之处,而是强调重新定义目标。
  2. 不正确,文章提到坚毅让“门开得更宽”,但未明确指“新机遇”,而是改变对目标的看法。
  3. 不正确,文章未强调专注,而是关注目标重新定义。
  4. 正确,文章直接说明坚毅允许我们重新定义目标,与选项D一致。
  • 55
  • 单选题
  • 分值:14.2
问.

What message does Duckworth try to convey in her book Grit?

We should perfect ourselves to ensure success.
We should stay persistent even in face of failures.
We can never master a skill without constant practice.
We can never expect to reach our goals without passion.

问:达克沃斯在《坚毅》一书中试图传达什么信息?

  1. 我们应该让自己臻于完美以确保成功。
  2. 即便面临失败,我们也应坚持不懈。
  3. 不持续练习我们就无法掌握一项技能。
  4. 没有激情我们就无法指望实现目标。

定位:文章第五段最后两句:“If at first you fail, then try one more time with grit.” 以及全文对坚毅的定义(激情与坚持的结合)。

解析:

  1. 不正确,文章明确反对完美主义,指出“perfection isn’t the goal”。
  2. 正确,达克沃斯强调坚毅包含坚持,并在失败时继续尝试,这与选项B的核心信息一致。
  3. 不正确,文章未强调“持续练习”是掌握技能的唯一途径,而是更广泛地讨论激情与坚持。
  4. 不正确,激情是坚毅的一部分,但达克沃斯的信息是激情与坚持的结合,而非单独强调激情。

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