Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
[ 16 ] Artificial intelligence agents play ever more influential roles in our lives. They do everything from suggesting new friends to recommending purchases. They are even beginning to drive our cars. Another role that they are expected to take over is negotiating on our behalf in commercial transactions or legal disputes.
[ 17 ] So, it's important to know whether using an artificial intelligence agent might affect how we negotiate. Research indicates that it does.
In a new study, participants were told to imagine that they were negotiating for something important to them, like a house. Next, they were told either that they would negotiate for themselves, or they would program an artificial intelligence agent to negotiate for them. Participants then completed a survey, indicating how tough, deceptive and pleasant or otherwise they wanted to be or wanted their agent to be in the negotiations. For example, participants could choose to be tough by making an opening demand far greater than what they'd be willing to accept. They could also choose to express sympathy with their opponent to appear pleasant. But they could also indicate that they, or their agent, would strategically express anger toward the opponent to gain advantage. Or they could opt to convey dissatisfaction with the encounter so that the other party would think they were losing interest. These are both examples of deceptive strategies. [ 18 ] Participants were more willing to employ deceptive strategies when assigned an agent to negotiate on their behalf.
短文一
[ 16 ] 人工智能代理在我们的生活中扮演着比以往任何时候都更有影响力的角色。从推荐新朋友到推荐购物,它们无所不能。它们甚至开始驾驶我们的汽车了。它们预计将接管的另一个角色是代表我们在商业交易或法律纠纷中进行谈判。
[ 17 ] 因此,了解使用人工智能代理是否会影响我们的谈判方式是很重要的。研究表明确实如此。
在一项新的研究中,参与者被要求想象他们正在为一些对他们来说很重要的东西进行谈判,比如房子。接下来,他们被告知要么亲自谈判,要么通过编程设计一个人工智能代理为他们谈判。然后,参与者完成了一项调查,表明他们希望自己或代理人在谈判中表现得多么强硬、具有迷惑性、友善或其他。例如,参与者可以选择强硬,通过提出一个远比他们愿意接受的要大得多的公开要求来实现这种强硬。他们也可以选择表达对对手的同情,以显得友善。但他们也可以表明,他们或他们的代理人会有策略地向对手表达愤怒,以获得优势,或者他们可以选择表达对这次交锋的不满,以便让对方认为他们失去了兴趣。这些都是迷惑性策略的例子。[ 18 ] 当被指派代理人代表他们进行谈判时,参与者更愿意采用迷惑性策略。
What does the passage say about artificial intelligence agents?
问:关于人工智能代理,短文里提到了什么?
A. 它们比我们大多数人更聪明。
B. 它们已经成为了我们的新朋友。
C. 它们已经开始影响我们的社会行为。
D. 它们扮演着越来越重要的角色。
解析:
A. 不正确,短文未提及人工智能代理的智力水平与人类的对比相关内容,该表述无短文信息支撑。
B. 不正确,短文里表述的是人工智能代理可以为用户推荐新朋友,并未提及它们自身已经成为我们的新朋友,与短文内容矛盾。
C. 不正确,短文未提及人工智能代理对社会行为的影响,仅介绍了其在生活多个场景中承担的角色,该表述无短文信息支撑。
D. 正确,短文开篇明确提到,人工智能代理在我们的生活中扮演着比以往任何时候都更有影响力的角色,与该选项表述完全一致。
What does the new study want to find out about using an artificial intelligence agent?
问:关于使用人工智能代理,这项新研究想要探明什么内容?
A. 它是否会对我们的谈判方式产生任何影响。
B. 它是否真的能比人类谈判者表现得更好。
C. 它是否能促进商业交易的达成。
D. 它是否能加快法律程序的推进。
解析:
A. 正确,短文里明确表述,了解使用人工智能代理是否会影响我们的谈判方式是十分重要的,而这项新研究正是围绕这一核心问题展开,与该选项表述完全契合。
B. 不正确,短文未提及人工智能代理与人类谈判者的表现对比相关内容,该表述无短文信息支撑。
C. 不正确,短文里仅提到人工智能代理预计将接管的角色包括代表我们在商业交易中谈判,并未提及研究要探明它能否促进商业交易,与短文信息不符。
D. 不正确,短文里仅提到人工智能代理预计将在法律纠纷中代表我们谈判,并未提及研究要探明它能否加快法律程序,该表述无短文信息支撑。
What did participants tend to do when assigned an AI agent to negotiate on their behalf?
问:当被指派人工智能代理代表自己进行谈判时,参与者往往会怎么做?
A. 选择表现得强硬。
B. 对对手表示同情。
C. 采用迷惑性策略。
D. 表现得友善。
解析:
A. 不正确,短文里提到表现强硬是参与者可选择的谈判方式之一,但并未说明在指派人工智能代理时,参与者会倾向于选择该方式,与短文信息不符。
B. 不正确,短文里提到对对手表达同情是参与者可选择的、用以表现友善的方式,并非指派人工智能代理时参与者的倾向性选择,与短文内容不符。
C. 正确,短文末尾明确表述,当被指派代理人代表他们进行谈判时,参与者更愿意采用迷惑性策略,与该选项表述完全一致。
D. 不正确,短文里提到表现友善是参与者可选择的谈判风格之一,并非指派人工智能代理时参与者的倾向性选择,与短文信息不符。
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